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Composition
Finding Good Subjects
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How to
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Composition Part 2
Composing an image is without any doubt the most critical part of
producing a good image. Yet, it is overlooked by most beginners and
amateurs. We rely so much on our cameras to do the job, that we often forget
how to actually design a successful image. After all, the reason we spend so
much money on our equipment was to produce good photographs. This article
is designed to show you how to set up and compose an image. Several examples
are used on this page with the focusing grid shown which divides the image
into several sections for proper alignment of each line and shape in the
picture. Lets start by looking at the first image and how it was taken.
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Example 1

This image was taken across the street rather than in front of the
building. This gives a unique perspective opposed to what most people see. A
tripod was used to precisely position the camera and the long lens, in this
case a 70-210mm f-2.8 Tamron. I purposely included the old street light and
placed it at the left edge of the frame which adds a starting point for the
main subject which is the building. The street light also balances out the
whole image which would other wise be very empty and boring. Note the bottom
left edge of the light stand. It is placed at the starting edge of the frame
wasting no space whatsoever. Even a small empty space would have damaged
this composition. The building itself also is precisely placed inside the
frame. Note the first horizontal line from the top and how well aligned it
has divided the first third of the frame. The two tallest points of the
building are in perfect line. As you go down, the second and third portion
of the frame are also in perfect balance. There was no reason to add more
sky nor more foreground. The photo is to the point. Starting with an old
lonely street light next to a magnificent structure which begins boldly and
ends into the horizon.
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Example 2

For the image above, I was forced to use my
camera handheld. Candid photography does not always allow you to position
and set up the tripod. Without a tripod, the first major distraction is
visible on the original image shown left. The portion of the window frame is placed above the subject's head
as pointed with the arrow.
The powerful and sad features of this man was the main reason I chose to
photograph him. I wanted the emphasis to be on his face and his glare,
followed by how he is holding his cigarette. This combination along with how
his hand is resting on his knee, makes a powerful yet sad image of a lonely man.
The window frame above the first image, immediately distract your attention. It is a
competing factor which must be removed. Since I could not possibly frame him
in time with a tripod, I cropped the image in Photoshop the way I wanted it.
The empty space on the left is necessary to give the image a bit of depth.
Move your eyes slowly from the left picture to the right. On the left picture, your
eyes are distracted by the window frame. The right picture grabs your
attention by seeing the man's face, immediately followed by his hand and how
it is trying to communicate with you without saying a word.
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Example 3
The images bellow are another example of a composition that needed a little
correction. I was interested with lines and shape of the structure than
anything else. The left image includes a column that is no more
than a distraction. It does not show the top portion of its design as the
rest of the columns do. It has no relation with the rest of its surrounding.
The last column also, appears to be cut off. I liked the repetition of the
lines. By zooming just a bit, and moving the camera to the right I got the
shot I wanted. The first column is removed and the last column is now
included in the picture. Nothing more is shown. The picture must end with
the last column right at the edge of the frame without showing the sky which
would have been distracting.

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Example 4 The left image below has a compositional fault. The statue and the moon
have no relation with each other, and are two competing factors. What is the
reason of including the moon? The statue is looking outside of the frame
with large empty space behind it. This along with the placement of the
moon at the right edge of the frame creates an imbalance. The right images
is more pleasing to the eye. The statue is now placed at the right edge of
the frame looking into the sky with the moon now moved to the left left
adding
some depth to the image. The two subjects no longer compete, rather are part
of a balanced composition. I would have preferred the moon to be placed two
squares higher. It would have dramatically change the whole composition by
being slightly above the statue's eye level. Unfortunately, It was
impossible for me to get my camera into position for the shot. Still, I'm
pleased with the shot.

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Example 5 The colors and the front door of an old building in Oderzo, a small town
in Italy, grabbed my attention. While setting up my tripod, I noticed a man
walking into the picture. I immediately fired off several shots. The first
image is simply the best. The individual has added some life to the picture
without distracting the main subject which is the door. The door is placed
neatly in the center with the man at the right edge of the frame slowly
walking into the frame. A perfect balance with no distractions. The right
image on the other hand, is a useless photograph. The man and the door are
centered in the middle. Furthermore, the figure is now obscuring the framing
of the door with a large distracting space behind him. The front door
without the man would have been much better, even placed dead in the center.
It would have been neatly framed from either side. The two subjects are no
longer in harmony and are in competition with each other. The only pleasing
composition is the first shot. There was no other way to photograph this
image with the man included in the frame.

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Recommended tripod and head
BOGEN
3021BPRO Professional Tripod
Designed for the professional
photographer, this is an extremely versatile tripod, ideal for
small, medium format cameras, digital or conventional type. The
tripod has an easily removed centre column that just as easily
re-fits as a horizontal lateral arm. Not only does this allow the
camera to be offset from leg position, it provides the simplest way
possible to shoot from directly overhead. Key features include four
leg angle settings Centre column with an innovative three faced
design Double positioning vertical and horizontal centre column
Low-angle adapter built in the centre column for ground level shots
Rapid-action lever leg locks with just 45-degree run
BOGEN 3047
DELUXE 3-WAY PAN HEAD FOR TRIPOD
Features:
- Quick-Release Camera
Plate with secondary safety catch
- 3 Easy-grip rubber
handles for precise positioning
- 2 Bubble levels for
proper alignment
- 3/8 Camera attachment
screw
- Handles yp to 16.6 pound
load capacity
Black Finish /
Supports 35mm, Digital, Medium-Format and View Cameras /
Quick-Release Camera Plate / 3 Easy-Grip Handles
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Recommended reading:
Photographic
Composition
Step-by-Step
Composition Techniques for Digital Photographers
This series of step-by-step
guides acquaints amateur digital photographers
with the full spectrum of techniques and
technology they need to attain the professional
edge in digital imaging. The manuals offer a
clear, no-nonsense approach to teaching basic
skills, such as understanding the basic
functions of the digital camera and how to
arrange a photograph artistically, while more
experienced photographers will profit from the
guides that focus on complex issues, including
effective posing and lighting strategies, color
and image balancing methods, and design
techniques for perfecting the digital image in
Adobe Photoshop Elements.
This thorough composition guide details the
various components involved in composing a
professional-looking, artistically arranged
photograph. Basic elements of photography,
different image formats and backgrounds, and the
importance of color and image balance are
discussed along with tips on subject placement,
such as using attention-grabbing elements and
naturally existing lines to help a scene or
subject look its best. How to keep the image
simple and improve backgrounds post-capture are
also reviewed.
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