Twin Lens Reflex Cameras



The twin lens reflex (TLR) was introduced in 1929 by Rollei. They were superseded by single-lens-reflex cameras with through-the-lens viewing. Most models made were recently discontinued with only Rollei continuing to make the Rolleiflex 2.8 GX Expression. Seagull is another twin lens reflex camera which is in production and very affordable. TLRs use separate viewing and taking lenses. They also use rack-and-pinion focusing system. The whole lens assembly is shifted forward and light proofing is maintained by bellows. A focusing distance/exposure compensation scale is used to calculate exposure required for a shot. TLRs are very simple to use and reliable. There is no interruption to viewfinder image during exposure. Main disadvantages are lack of through the lens viewing which can cause parallax problems. There is no Polaroid back and no depth-of-field preview (except Mamiya 105mm). TLRs however, are an affordable way to enter medium format photography. Except for Rollei 2.8GX which remains in production and a classic camera, you can still buy other models in used markets for great prices. Mamiya offered two models, the C330 and C220. The main advantage of Mamiyas are interchangeable lenses. Other TLRs have fixed standard lenses. Mamiya made seven lenses including, 55mm, 65mm, 80mm, 105mm, 135mm, 180mm, and 250mm telephoto. Mamiya 105mm also is the only TLR lens with depth-of-field preview. The difference between the C330 and C220 is that the C220 has simpler features. C220 for instance has one shutter release instead of two. Film is advanced by a knob rather than a crank. All other operations are the same and both cameras accept same lenses and accessories. Rollei and Mamiyas can be fitted with prism finder for correct viewing or TTL prisms for metering. Optional pistol grips can also be fitted to the body for better handling. No optional backs are available. Most TLRs accept only 120 roll films for 6X6 images.
If you want to enter medium format photography without spending a lot of money, consider a TLR. Excellent ones are still available in used markets at very low prices. Avoid very old models. Mamiya C330, C220, and Rollei 2.8GX models are reliable and high quality cameras.

From Amazon.com

Seagull GC 109- 2 1/4 Twin-Lens Reflex Camera - Includes a Silk-Lined Storage Box!

 Seagull GC-104 Medium Format Twin Lens Reflex (TLR) Camera with Built-in 75mm f/3.5 Lens